Reliability Checks to Consider Before Approving a Glass Heater Design

https://engineered-heater-lab.moderncairn.com/posts/why-kapton-heater-thickness-matters-in-compact-equipment

In camera windows, a glass heater must deliver heat in a controlled way. It uses a glass panel combined with a conductive heating layer or heater element. One useful trait is anti-fog capability. Still, thermal stress can change the result